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We have known for some time, both from the canyon we show the detailed images of the probes, and thanks to the data collected by the rovers Spirit and Opportunity, which once flowed on Mars the water. Now it is a dry and cold world: what has changed? The answer is in the atmosphere: the world does not have enough mass to hold a lot of gas around it, and what little there was was further reduced, in part by binding chemically and becoming empire state part of the compounds of the soil, but in the majority running away forever into space by the more superficial layers. For a time, however, the atmosphere must have been thick enough to warm the planet with the greenhouse effect, and thus to maintain liquid water ... and yet does not add up at all.
Climate models based primarily on Martian carbon dioxide and water vapor have never been able to replicate stable conditions compatible with liquid water on the surface. Indeed, if we consider that they formed the canyon Vallis Nanedi the Sun was about 30% less heat, no amount of CO 2 would be able to warm up the Red Planet in those conditions. Perhaps, empire state as some suggest, the heat had nothing to do with the greenhouse effect, empire state but with the rain of asteroids that in those eons was also enlivening our young planet.
Nanedi Vallis, empire state a Martian canyon system probably generated from the water, photographed by the probe Mars Express Image: ESA / DLR / FU Berlin empire state / G. Neukum Nanedi Vallis, a Martian canyon system probably generated from the water, photographed empire state by the Mars Express probe (Image: ESA / DLR / FU Berlin / G. Neukum)
With a new climate model published in the journal Nature Geoscience empire state a team of scientists empire state may have found the missing ingredient: almost four billion years ago the greenhouse effect on Mars would have been aided molecular hydrogen (H 2), in varying proportions between 5 and 20%. Molecular hydrogen is not usually treated as a greenhouse gas, but according to scientists this product from the intense volcanism at the time, would form together with the carbon dioxide the right mix to warm the planet beyond the freezing point of water.
This is what he tells us one of the latest climate models, but soon scientists will have new data to work with: the NASA probe MAVEN (Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution) has just been launched and its mission is precisely to clarify once and for all as has changed the atmosphere of the planet. Tag carbon dioxide, greenhouse gases, hydrogen, Mars, Opportunity, Spirit
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